Foamy Macrophage Deposition in Lymph Nodes Mimicking Lung Cancer Recurrence Diagnosed via Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration

The radiological finding of mediastinal lymph node enlargement following surgery for lung cancer often signifies locoregional recurrence. The use of oxidised cellulose haemoReceived: April 8, 2015 Accepted after revision: July 6, 2015 Published online: September 3, 2015 Dr. Andrew R.L. Medford North Bristol Lung Centre Level 6 Gate 10, Brunel Building, Southmead Hospital Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol BS10 5NB (UK) E-Mail andrewmedford @ hotmail.com © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel 0025–7931/15/0905–0426$39.50/0 www.karger.com/res Established Facts • Mediastinal node sampling is more challenging with mediastinoscopy after previous surgical exploration and is more easily achieved with endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in this context. • Oxidized cellulose haemostatic agents (OCHAs) are commonly used to control bleeding after surgical exploration with good effect, without the need for open exploration.